首页要闻时政国际军事财经港澳经济消费法治反腐交通环保地方舆情民生社会科技生活商务健康文化

國安/家安/國家安全 全民有責

2023-04-11 04:45:02    来源:大公报    编辑:

圖:國家安全 全民有責

  4月15日是全面復常後首個「全民國家安全教育日」。香港特區政府早前預告將更全面、更多元化,全方位提升和營造香港認識國家安全方面的氛圍。行政長官李家超強調,香港要全力拚經濟、拚發展和拚競爭力,必須要有一個安全、和平和穩定的社會環境。

  愛護國家、維護國家安全是全港市民的共同責任,《大公報》將一連幾日推出「國安.家安」圖解系列,從維護國家安全的意義、《香港國安法》的重要性和主要內容等方面,與讀者一起溫故知新,加深認識。\大公報記者 陳樂

  「國家」的含意:

  •根據國際公法理論,國家是由人民、領土(包括領陸(即陸地疆土)、領水、領空等)、主權和政權四個要素組成。

  •中華人民共和國成立於1949年。

  •香港自古以來就是中國的領土(《基本法》序言)。香港特別行政區是中華人民共和國不可分離的部分(《基本法》第一條),是中華人民共和國的一個享有高度自治權的地方行政區域,直轄於中央人民政府(《基本法》第十二條)。

  The meaning of a state:

  •According to the theory of public international law, a state has four essential elements, namely the people, territory(including territorial lands, territorial waters and territorial airspace etc.), sovereignty and regime.

  •The People's Republic of China has been established since 1949.

  •Hong Kong has been part of the territory of China since ancient times(Preamble to the Basic Law). The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is an inalienable part of the People's Republic of China (Article 1 of the Basic Law)and shall be a local administrative region of the People's Republic of China, which shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy and come directly under the Central People's Government(Article 12 of the Basic Law).

  國家安全的含意

  國家安全是指國家政權、主權、統一和領土完整、人民福祉、經濟社會可持續發展和國家其他重大利益相對處於沒有危險和不受內外威脅的狀態,以及保障持續安全狀態的能力(《中華人民共和國國家安全法》第二條)。

  The meaning of national security

   National security means a status in which the regime, sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity, welfare of the people, sustainable economic and social development, and other major interests of the state are relatively not faced with any danger and not threatened internally or externally, and the capability to maintain a sustained security status.(Article 2 of the National Security Law of the People's Republic of China)

  國家利益至上

  國家安全以國家利益至上為準則。國家安全關乎全國十四億人民的福祉,是安邦定國的重要基石。國泰方能安民,有國才有家。國家和平發展、社會安定繁榮、市民安居樂業,必然是世界各國人民最基本、最實在的共同願望。國家安全是全國人民根本利益所在。皮之不存,毛將焉附?當國家的核心利益,包括領土、主權、政權遇到危險,國家安全便受到威脅,人民安全亦無從談起。維護國家安全是每一個香港居民理所當然的基本責任。

  The Primacy of National Interests

  The principle of national security is to accord top priority to national interests. National security concerns the welfare of the 1.4 billion people of the whole country and is an important cornerstone of its stability. People live in peace when the country is prosperous, and the country comes before the family. It is definitely the most fundamental and down-to-earth aspiration shared among people in the whole world that their countries see peaceful development, their societies enjoy prosperity and stability, and they lead a peaceful and fulfilling life. The fundamental interests of all people hinge on national security. If the skin is gone, what can the hair adhere to? When the country's core interests such as its territory, sovereignty and regime are at risk, national security will be threatened and there will be no security for the people. It is the basic responsibility of every Hong Kong citizen to safeguard national security.

  國家安全 共同義務

  中央人民政府對香港特別行政區有關的國家安全事務負有根本責任。香港特別行政區負有維護國家安全的憲制責任,應當履行維護國家安全的職責(《香港國安法》第三條第一、二款)。維護國家主權、統一和領土完整是包括香港同胞在內的全中國人民的共同義務(《香港國安法》第六條第一款)。

  Safeguarding National Security is the Common Responsibility of all the People

  The Central People's Government has an overarching responsibility for national security affairs relating to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It is the duty of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region under the Constitution to safeguard national security and the Region shall perform the duty accordingly (Articles 3(1) and (2) of the Hong Kong National Security Law). It is the common responsibility of all the people of China, including the people of Hong Kong, to safeguard the sovereignty, unification and territorial integrity of the People's Republic of China (Article 6(1) of the Hong Kong National Security Law).

  「總體國家安全觀」五大要素

  The five essential elements of the holistic view of national security

  一、以經濟安全為基礎

  1.Regarding economic security as the foundation

  確保經濟發展不受侵害,促進經濟持續健康發展,增強國家經濟實力,為國家安全提供堅實物質基礎。

  二、以軍事、科技、文化、社會安全為保障

  2.With military, science and technology, cultural and public security as means of guarantee

  在軍事、科技、文化和社會安全領域,制定並實施合適的策略和措施,以期能夠穩固基礎並提升應對和化解各項內在外在的安全風險和挑戰的能力,築起國家安全的保護罩。

  三、以人民安全為宗旨

  3.Taking the people's security as the ultimate goal

  堅持以民為本、以人為本。

  四、以政治安全為根本

  4.Achieving political security as the fundamental task

  堅決維護國家主權不容侵犯以及中華人民共和國的根本制度和最本質的特徵,把制度和政權安全放在首位,為國家安全提供根本政治保證。

  五、以促進國際安全為依託

  5.Promoting international security

  始終不渝走和平發展道路,在注重維護本土國家安全利益的同時,注重維護共同安全。

  

  整體目標:國家安全

  Overall Goal:National Security

  「總體國家安全觀」五對關係

  Five Pairs of Relationships of Holistic View of National Security

  ❶ 既重視外部安全 又重視內部安全

  Attaching importance to external security

  And equal importance to internal security

  ❷ 既重視國土安全 又重視國民安全

  Attaching importance to homeland security

  And equal importance to the people's security

  ❸ 既重視傳統安全 又重視非傳統安全

  Attaching importance to traditional security

  And equal importance to non-traditional security

  ❹ 既重視發展問題 又重視安全問題

  Attaching importance to development

  And equal importance to security

  ❺ 既重視自身安全 又重視共同安全

  Attaching importance to our own security

  And equal importance to common security

  何謂國家安全?

  •維護國家核心利益和重大利益的安全,涵蓋國家政權、主權、統一和領土完整、人民福祉、經濟社會可持續發展

  •國家安全是一種狀態,沒有外部的威脅和侵害,亦沒有內在的動亂和失序的狀態

  •國家安全的因素是相對和動態的,現實世界沒有絕對的國家安全,風險因素常在,必須時刻保持警惕

  •國家安全包括保障持續安全狀態的能力,不斷加強維護國家安全的能力建設,防範和化解風險因素和實質危害

  資料來源:全民國家安全教育日網站、《香港國安法》頒布兩周年網上虛擬展覽

亚洲中国新闻网
今日推荐
精选图文
网友最喜欢看
首页头条
亚洲中国新闻网
24小时排行榜
  • 二维码
京公网安备:11010502045072号 工信部备:京ICP备2020045465号-7 注冊證 Copyright 2020 亚洲新闻网 All Rights Reserved 版权所有